Ozempic has transformed diabetes and, off-label, obesity treatment since 2017. Though constipation is common, it's usually manageable with lifestyle changes. Consulting a healthcare provider for personalized advice is advised for serious cases, which are rare.
Ozempic, also known by its generic name semaglutide, is a groundbreaking medication used in the treatment of type 2 diabetes (and obesity off-label). Developed by Novo Nordisk, a leading pharmaceutical company, Ozempic belongs to a class of drugs called glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists.
Approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in December 2017, Ozempic has quickly gained recognition for its efficacy in controlling blood sugar levels and aiding in weight management for individuals with type 2 diabetes. Its popularity stems from its unique mechanism of action, which mimics the effects of a naturally occurring hormone called GLP-1.
Can Ozempic Cause Constipation?
Yes, Ozempic can cause constipation, and it's quite common. In studies, about 3% to 5% of people experienced constipation while taking Ozempic. Higher doses were correlated with higher rates of constipation, while lower doses saw fewer cases of side effects. Recent research suggests this could be even higher, ranging from 4% to 12%, again proportionate with dosages. But here's the good news: constipation happens less often than other digestive side effects. And only about 4% of people with gut-related side effects stop taking Ozempic, which shows that while they can be bothersome, they're usually not severe.
Other common side effects include:
However, as mentioned, most side effects on Ozempic are mild in nature and tolerable.
Why Does Ozempic Lead to Constipation?
Research indicates it relates to its impact on the digestive system, through several avenues.
Ozempic works by slowing down the rate at which the stomach empties, resulting in individuals feeling full for longer periods and eating less. This can also decrease fluid intake throughout the day, potentially causing constipation by making stools harder and more difficult to pass. Being more mindful of hydration can help mitigate unwanted side effects.
Additionally, people taking Ozempic may consume less fiber due to feeling full, and because fiber can exacerbate other side effects like nausea, gas, and bloating associated with Ozempic, they might avoid it even more. However, insufficient fiber intake is a significant contributor to constipation. Fiber adds bulk to stool, facilitating easier passage. Without enough fiber, stool becomes hard and less likely to pass. Choosing foods high in fiber can help, like avocado, oats, and beans to name a few.
Furthermore, Ozempic stimulates the body to produce more insulin, which effectively manages blood sugar levels but also slows down gut motility, leading to less frequent bowel movements. In combination, these factors can result in infrequent, hard, and painful stools for individuals taking Ozempic.
What Can I Do if I Have Side Effects?
Fortunately, there are several small habitual changes that can help feelings of constipation. Here are some things to try:
Talking to Your Provider
As always, any serious concerns should be directed at your healthcare provider. Do not be hesitant to ask questions or seek advice! If you are already on a program with MD Exam, you can always reach out to us in the Patient Portal. If you are not, consider taking our 5-minute quiz or reaching out to your own physician. We offer semaglutide (Ozempic) and tirzepatide (Mounjaro) at as little as $300 a month and provide a holistic approach to weight management. You can also check us out here.
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